Articular cartilage injuries can cause severe joint symptoms and frequently cause athletes to give up sports earlier than planned. Therefore, efforts to prevent these injuries, early treatment, and appropriate rehabilitation is critically important. However, the factors that increase the risk of articular cartilage injuries are not yet well described and, our knowledge of cartilage biology is far from complete. This chapter reviews the diagnosis, preventative measures, treatment options, and rehabilitation protocols for the management of articular cartilage injuries.