The treatment of male urethral stricture disease incorporates both general endoscopic techniques as well as surgical urethroplasty, the choice of treatment is dependent on the clinical scenario. A urologist requires a thorough understanding of important aspects of the clinical and radiological assessments of strictures, together with treatment options, results and complications, to guide the patient through the decision-making process and choosing the appropriate treatment. This will facilitate the best outcomes and patient satisfaction. The following article provides evidence-based information and expert opinion to allow assessment and treatment planning for the patient with stricture disease whether initiated by the urologist or referred on to an expert in reconstructive urological techniques.