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Here, we provide an overview on the environmental impact of Europe’s first farmers, focusing on the vegetation[aut]Vegetation shifts that occurred in the southern BalkansBalkan/s during the Neolithisation[aut]Neolithisation. First, we draw on recent methodological developments in palaeoecology[aut]Palaeoecology that contribute to tighten its linkages with archaeology. We start highlighting the importance of highly precise and accurate lake sediment chronologies to enhance comparison with dendrochronologically dated archaeological settlements[aut]Settlement. Then, we assess modern pollen-vegetation relationships to better interpret the fossil pollen records[aut]Pollen record. The results reveal (i) an overall good match between the main vegetation[aut]Vegetation types of the southern BalkansBalkan/s and their soil pollen[aut]Pollen assemblages, and (ii) that pollen[aut]Pollen assemblages from lake[aut]Lake surface samples reflect reliably the surrounding vegetation[aut]Vegetation. Afterwards, we summarise our latest results from the region. In Limni ZazariLimni Zazari (GreeceGreece), continuous pollen records[aut]Pollen record of cereals[aut]Arable farmingcereal and ruderal plants[aut]Ruderal (plants, vegetation) allow dating early farming[aut]Arable farmingfarming activities around 6250 BC. At Ploča Mičov GradPloča Mičov Grad (Lake OhridLake Ohrid, North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia), pollen[aut]Pollen evidence of cereals and weeds[aut]Weed place the onset of the Neolithic at 5500–5100 BC, i.e. significantly earlier than the tree-ring inferred age of the settlement[aut]Settlement. Current efforts aim at producing new palaeoecological records, refining the available ones, and adding palaeoclimatic[aut]Palaeoclimate reconstructions[aut]PalaeoclimateClimate that allow determining which role climate[aut]Climateclimate variability played in the Neolithisation[aut]Neolithisation.

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A Palaeoecological Perspective on the Environmental Impact of Prehistoric Societies in Europe with Emphasis on Greece and the Southern Balkans

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • César Morales-Molino,
  • Lieveke van Vugt,
  • Ariane Ballmer,
  • Sarah Brechbühl,
  • Kathrin Ganz,
  • Sylvia Gassner,
  • Erika Gobet,
  • Albert Hafner,
  • André F. Lotter,
  • Carolina Senn,
  • Antoine Thévenaz,
  • Willy Tinner

摘要

Here, we provide an overview on the environmental impact of Europe’s first farmers, focusing on the vegetation[aut]Vegetation shifts that occurred in the southern BalkansBalkan/s during the Neolithisation[aut]Neolithisation. First, we draw on recent methodological developments in palaeoecology[aut]Palaeoecology that contribute to tighten its linkages with archaeology. We start highlighting the importance of highly precise and accurate lake sediment chronologies to enhance comparison with dendrochronologically dated archaeological settlements[aut]Settlement. Then, we assess modern pollen-vegetation relationships to better interpret the fossil pollen records[aut]Pollen record. The results reveal (i) an overall good match between the main vegetation[aut]Vegetation types of the southern BalkansBalkan/s and their soil pollen[aut]Pollen assemblages, and (ii) that pollen[aut]Pollen assemblages from lake[aut]Lake surface samples reflect reliably the surrounding vegetation[aut]Vegetation. Afterwards, we summarise our latest results from the region. In Limni ZazariLimni Zazari (GreeceGreece), continuous pollen records[aut]Pollen record of cereals[aut]Arable farmingcereal and ruderal plants[aut]Ruderal (plants, vegetation) allow dating early farming[aut]Arable farmingfarming activities around 6250 BC. At Ploča Mičov GradPloča Mičov Grad (Lake OhridLake Ohrid, North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia), pollen[aut]Pollen evidence of cereals and weeds[aut]Weed place the onset of the Neolithic at 5500–5100 BC, i.e. significantly earlier than the tree-ring inferred age of the settlement[aut]Settlement. Current efforts aim at producing new palaeoecological records, refining the available ones, and adding palaeoclimatic[aut]Palaeoclimate reconstructions[aut]PalaeoclimateClimate that allow determining which role climate[aut]Climateclimate variability played in the Neolithisation[aut]Neolithisation.