Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) constitute a potentially severe complication in hospitalized patients. Furthermore, pathogens isolated in HAIs show higher rates of resistance to antibiotics than those found in community-acquired infections. Patients admitted to a Urology ward showed a higher risk of HAIs due to the higher prevalence of urinary catheterisation and a urologic surgery is performed in most of them. Preventive measures include antibiotical prophylaxis and optimal management of patients during surgery and in the postoperative period. The chapter review preventive measures and the management of infectious emergencies related to urologic surgery.