The theory and practice of religious leadership is complexified by varying definitions, frameworks, contexts, cultures, and traditions, all of which continue to shift over time. In this entry, the case is made for an understanding of religious leadership as distinct from, yet ultimately connected to, the notion of spiritual leadership while also outlining the complexities between religion and spirituality more broadly. Such entanglements are illustrated by a review of the prevailing literature on religious leadership both as a standalone concept and in relation to spiritual leadership.