In the contemporary landscape of education, particularly in the aftermath of the global pandemic, the significance and opportunities presented by technology in language learning are undeniable. However, moving education to online environments also highlighted a fundamental truth long advocated by computer-assisted language learning (CALL) practitioners—technology alone does not foster learning. True learning emerges from a robust language teaching methodology, sound pedagogic decisions, and an understanding of second language acquisition (SLA) research. This entry proposes that task-based language learning (TBLL), and specifically technology-mediated task-based language teaching (TMTBLT), offers an optimal approach which leverages technology to its fullest potential by incorporating well-designed tasks that are authentic, relevant, and extend beyond language acquisition. The discussion outlines two primary TBLT models and delves into the principles and implementation of technology-mediated TBLT (TMTBLT), stressing the importance of tasks being authentic and relevant to learners’ needs. It also addresses the non-neutrality of technology and the critical role of digital literacy in modern language education. The entry underscores the need for inclusivity and effective community-building practices in CALL courses and suggests the need of adapting language teaching to the rapidly transforming ways in which individuals interact with information, including through AI, and engage with others in technology-mediated environments across educational, professional, and everyday contexts.