In the digital age, social media literacy (SML) is crucial for understanding and navigating modern communication. This entry examines the evolving concept of SML and its integration into language pedagogy, focusing on its nature, application, and associated challenges. It explores how SML extends beyond traditional literacy and differs from broader media literacy while also addressing the practical aspects of SML, particularly within second language (L2) learning. Strategies for incorporating SML into language teaching are outlined, including analysing social media language, creating digital content, and fostering intercultural competence. Additionally, challenges such as unequal access to social media, content curation, and integrating digital citizenship are discussed. Despite these challenges, incorporating SML remains vital for equipping students to engage with and contribute to the digital communication landscape effectively.