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Elicitation (induction of the stress response) is the well-known strategy used in plant biotechnology with the aim of obtaining high production of bioactive plant compounds with the character of phytoalexins (“stress metabolites”). The obtained amounts of compounds after elicitation are very often many times higher than in the extracts of biomasses growing in vitro without elicitation. Natural products of plant origin important in phytotherapy and also in phytocosmetology include, among others, different subgroups of polyphenolics – simple phenolic acids and depsides, flavonoid compounds, catechins, phenylethanoid glycosides, and also other groups of compounds – lignans, and glucosinolates. They are often the object of biotechnological studies in many research worldwide centers and also the object of our investigations. The aim of this review is to demonstrate representative important examples of high production of polyphenolic compounds, lignans, and glucosinolates in in vitro cultures of selected medicinal plant species after elicitation, obtained by different research teams and also by our team. The results of different research groups documented the effectiveness of elicitation in boosting the production of flavonoids (e.g., rutoside, quercetin, and isorhamnetin), lignans (e.g., pinoresinol, matairesinol, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside, and podophyllotoxinPodophyllotoxin), and also glucosinolates (e.g., glucobrassicin and neoglucobrassicinNeoglucobrassicin) in various types of in vitro cultures of some taxons. The in vitro cultures of selected plant species tested by us produced after elicitation high amounts of simple phenolic acids (e.g., p-coumaric acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid), depsides (chlorogenic acid and neochlorogenic acid), flavonoids (e.g., kaempferol, hyperoside, wogonoside, and scutellarin), catechins (e.g., epicatechin), phenylethanoid glycosides (e.g., verbascoside), Schisandra lignans (e.g., schisandrin and gomisin A), and also glucosinolates (e.g., gluconasturtiin and glucobrassicin). This review highlights also the need of selection individual experimental elicitation conditions for in vitro culture of each medicinal plant species (type of elicitor, its concentration, timepoint of its addition into the medium, duration of elicitation, and combined strategy). After such optimization, it is possible to obtain from a few to more than a hundred times higher amounts of bioactive plant products.

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Elicitation as an Effective Biotechnological Strategy for High Production of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Plant In Vitro Cultures

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Agnieszka Szopa,
  • Inga Kwiecień,
  • Paweł Kubica,
  • Karolina Turcza-Kubica,
  • Marta Klimek-Szczykutowicz,
  • Halina Ekiert

摘要

Elicitation (induction of the stress response) is the well-known strategy used in plant biotechnology with the aim of obtaining high production of bioactive plant compounds with the character of phytoalexins (“stress metabolites”). The obtained amounts of compounds after elicitation are very often many times higher than in the extracts of biomasses growing in vitro without elicitation. Natural products of plant origin important in phytotherapy and also in phytocosmetology include, among others, different subgroups of polyphenolics – simple phenolic acids and depsides, flavonoid compounds, catechins, phenylethanoid glycosides, and also other groups of compounds – lignans, and glucosinolates. They are often the object of biotechnological studies in many research worldwide centers and also the object of our investigations. The aim of this review is to demonstrate representative important examples of high production of polyphenolic compounds, lignans, and glucosinolates in in vitro cultures of selected medicinal plant species after elicitation, obtained by different research teams and also by our team. The results of different research groups documented the effectiveness of elicitation in boosting the production of flavonoids (e.g., rutoside, quercetin, and isorhamnetin), lignans (e.g., pinoresinol, matairesinol, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside, and podophyllotoxinPodophyllotoxin), and also glucosinolates (e.g., glucobrassicin and neoglucobrassicinNeoglucobrassicin) in various types of in vitro cultures of some taxons. The in vitro cultures of selected plant species tested by us produced after elicitation high amounts of simple phenolic acids (e.g., p-coumaric acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid), depsides (chlorogenic acid and neochlorogenic acid), flavonoids (e.g., kaempferol, hyperoside, wogonoside, and scutellarin), catechins (e.g., epicatechin), phenylethanoid glycosides (e.g., verbascoside), Schisandra lignans (e.g., schisandrin and gomisin A), and also glucosinolates (e.g., gluconasturtiin and glucobrassicin). This review highlights also the need of selection individual experimental elicitation conditions for in vitro culture of each medicinal plant species (type of elicitor, its concentration, timepoint of its addition into the medium, duration of elicitation, and combined strategy). After such optimization, it is possible to obtain from a few to more than a hundred times higher amounts of bioactive plant products.