Latin American cities, with few exceptions, have been mostly established within biodiversity hotspots. However, these urban environments and their relationships with high biodiversity boundaries are yet few studied in conservation biology. The potential use of cities by different species requires a detailed understanding at multiple scales of the processes involved. This chapter focuses on the weaknesses and strengths related to biodiversity conservation detected in urban green network such as parks, street afforestation, home gardens, and backyards of Latin American cities. We address factors that influence the urban diversity of tropical and subtropical climate areas, and how Latin American urban public policies are in general inefficient in terms of maintaining local biodiversity, and green infrastructure planning tends to ignore basic concepts of urban ecology. In general, the larger green areas consist of forest remnants spared from urbanization due to land ownership or affective issues, together with restored areas. The rapid urban densification in Neotropical cities grants a low possibility of expanding green spaces, and this constrains the colonization and maintenance of more taxa beyond peri anthropic and synurbic species. Moreover, socioeconomic inequalities also difficult urban environmental preservation since vulnerable populations are bound to occupy risky areas for building. Also, removing the existing vegetation and exploiting natural resources, hence making difficult the compatibility of the urban development with species resilience. Moreover, social housing policies sometimes provide people with such small lots that the destination of space for green private areas is unfeasible. Finally, the attempts to create and optimize functional green corridors does not always follow technical and ecological criteria enough to ensure an effective connection among surroundings and the green areas within the city. Moreover, not all conservation biology assumptions made for natural environments have been validated for Neotropical urban environments.