Metabolic engineering has emerged as a transformative discipline in microbiology and biotechnology, enabling the design and optimization of microbial systems for therapeutic, industrial, and environmental applications. In the context of bacterial infections, metabolic engineering intersects with drug discovery, antibiotic resistance mitigation, and the development of novel antimicrobial strategies. This chapter explores cutting-edge approaches that harness microbial metabolism and synthetic biology to address pressing challenges in infectious disease treatment and prevention.