The physical preparation and recovery of the contemporary athlete are incredibly important for success in competition. The intricate detail in supporting athletes is epitomized by the growing influence of the multi-disciplinary team. With the many facets that contribute to sporting prowess, the underpinning formulation, execution and analysis of elite athlete training programs is critical. When approaching the annual plan and its training components, practitioners should have the requisite knowledge of sport demands, periodization models, physical and psychological load-wellbeing monitoring, fatigue and recovery principles. The goal is to then apply these in an individualized manner to ensure appropriate recovery and regeneration, thus promoting optimal physical preparedness.