The aim of the chapter is to analyse the level of legal protection of paramedics in the conditions of providing pre-hospital emergency care in everyday practice in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Knowledge of legal regulations is nowadays an integral part of the medical profession. Knowledge from practice points to the fact that there are more and more frequent cases of accusing a health care worker (not excluding paramedics) of misconduct in the provision of health care or of aggressively attacking members of call-out groups. Often those involved in a particular situation do not have sufficient knowledge of the current legislation. In view of this, it is very important that every healthcare worker knows his or her rights and obligations as precisely as possible, as this is the only way to avoid many inconveniences or even litigation. The Ministries of Health of the Czech and Slovak Republic are trying to reflect the current situation in relation to the requirements of practice by amending, supplementing and changing individual laws and decrees. Every healthcare professional should be familiar with the current legislation in the process of training (within both undergraduate and lifelong forms of education). It is important for paramedics to be aware of their competences in relation to the legislation valid in the Czech and Slovak Republics, which means authorisation to perform certain tasks, and it is also important to know the content of the criminal code of each country. Attention is also paid to the possibility of cooperation between the Emergency Rescue Service and members of the Police of the Czech Republic and the Police Corps of the Slovak Republic in managing negative phenomena occurring in connection with the provision of pre-hospital emergency care. An integral part of the work is to propose effective solutions that would serve to minimize attacks on paramedics and, last but not least, to detect ways by which aggressive attacks can be dealt with.