Respiratory health and disability are intricately connected through shared biological, environmental, and social pathways. This entry explores the multifaceted relationship between respiratory diseases—such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, interstitial lung diseases, and neuromuscular conditions—and various forms of physical and intellectual disability. It highlights how respiratory impairments can significantly restrict mobility, daily functioning, employment, and psychosocial well-being, while also demonstrating how individuals with pre-existing disabilities are at increased risk for respiratory illnesses and poor health outcomes. Key topics include the role of functional and psychosocial impairments, occupational and environmental exposures, and the unique vulnerabilities faced by people with disabilities in accessing timely care. This entry also emphasizes the importance of inclusive public health strategies, assistive technologies, and equitable healthcare delivery in mitigating disability and improving quality of life for affected individuals. Ultimately, it calls for integrated and accessible approaches to respiratory care that consider the complex intersection of chronic illness, disability, and social determinants of health.