Preterm birth, defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, remains a major global health concern and a leading cause of childhood disability. Children who are born prematurely are at risk for persistent neurodevelopmental problems, including cerebral palsy, intellectual and cognitive disabilities, and sensory processing disorders. This entry will discuss how neonatal intensive care units can support infants with developmental disabilities, focusing on the combination of biological vulnerability alongside various caregiving environment considerations.