Managing disabilities requires a comprehensive approach that integrates multiple behaviors and their improvement or maintenance. This is especially important, as disabilities impact physical and mental health, restricting daily activities and participation. Research underscores the importance of adopting various healthy lifestyle behaviors—such as regular physical activity, a healthy diet, and abstaining from harmful habits like smoking, sedentary behavior, drug use, and excessive alcohol consumption—to reduce the onset and progression of disabilities. However, changing multiple behaviors simultaneously presents unique challenges. Theories like the Compensatory Carry-Over Action Model (CCAM) explain why individuals often struggle with limited resources for self-regulation, causing interference between behaviors, including compensatory cognitions, which hinders intentions from being translated into action. This interference may lead to partial behavior changes relapses, especially for people with disabilities (PwD), who face additional barriers, including physical limitations and limited resources such as self-efficacy. While multiple behavior change (MBC) programs show greater promise in improving individual and population health than single-behavior interventions, they are not always successful in changing every targeted behavior. For PwD, adopting healthy behaviors can be particularly challenging yet crucial for managing their conditions and receiving the necessary support. Tailored interventions that address the specific needs and barriers of PwD—such as mobility issues, cognitive challenges, and emotional distress—are more effective in facilitating long-term behavior change. Support systems involving caregivers, family members, and social support networks play a key role in sustaining these behaviors. Additionally, incorporating stress management techniques and emotional support into interventions may improve outcomes. Future MBC interventions should integrate evidence-based theories like the CCAM, focus on long-term sustainability, and include individualized approaches to disability management. A comprehensive strategy grounded on a theory like the CCAM can significantly improve health, disability outcomes, and overall quality of life for PwD, and their network partners.

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Compensatory Carry-Over Action Model (CCAM)

  • Sonia Lippke,
  • Ann DeSmet

摘要

Managing disabilities requires a comprehensive approach that integrates multiple behaviors and their improvement or maintenance. This is especially important, as disabilities impact physical and mental health, restricting daily activities and participation. Research underscores the importance of adopting various healthy lifestyle behaviors—such as regular physical activity, a healthy diet, and abstaining from harmful habits like smoking, sedentary behavior, drug use, and excessive alcohol consumption—to reduce the onset and progression of disabilities. However, changing multiple behaviors simultaneously presents unique challenges. Theories like the Compensatory Carry-Over Action Model (CCAM) explain why individuals often struggle with limited resources for self-regulation, causing interference between behaviors, including compensatory cognitions, which hinders intentions from being translated into action. This interference may lead to partial behavior changes relapses, especially for people with disabilities (PwD), who face additional barriers, including physical limitations and limited resources such as self-efficacy. While multiple behavior change (MBC) programs show greater promise in improving individual and population health than single-behavior interventions, they are not always successful in changing every targeted behavior. For PwD, adopting healthy behaviors can be particularly challenging yet crucial for managing their conditions and receiving the necessary support. Tailored interventions that address the specific needs and barriers of PwD—such as mobility issues, cognitive challenges, and emotional distress—are more effective in facilitating long-term behavior change. Support systems involving caregivers, family members, and social support networks play a key role in sustaining these behaviors. Additionally, incorporating stress management techniques and emotional support into interventions may improve outcomes. Future MBC interventions should integrate evidence-based theories like the CCAM, focus on long-term sustainability, and include individualized approaches to disability management. A comprehensive strategy grounded on a theory like the CCAM can significantly improve health, disability outcomes, and overall quality of life for PwD, and their network partners.