The anchored fish aggregating device (FAD) fishery is an important income-generating activity for the fishermen community in Mauritius. Integral to the success of FAD fisheries is the strategic use of bait fish, which serve as the primary attractants for target species. Bait fishery, therefore, plays a crucial role in supporting and enhancing the effectiveness of FAD-based fishing practices. This chapter highlights the significance of bait fishery in FAD fisheries, discussing its role in attracting fish, optimizing catch rates, and contributing to the overall sustainability of these fishing operations. The various methods are also evaluated and include the techniques employed by fishermen to procure bait fish, ranging from traditional handline fishing to cast net fishing, within the limitations of the regulations in force, while taking into consideration the ecological perspective surrounding bait fishery, including potential impacts on bait fish populations and the broader marine ecosystem. Three focus group discussions (FDGs) were used to study the economic significance of bait fishery to FAD fishermen. A productivity and susceptibility analysis model was utilized to determine the status of the six most common bait fish species used by local FAD fishers in Mauritius. The findings emphasize its contribution to livelihoods and economic sustainability in coastal communities. By understanding the dynamics of bait fishery within the broader framework of FAD fisheries, stakeholders can work toward implementing effective management strategies that promote sustainability and resilience in marine resource utilization.