Obesity is a multifactorial condition driven by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, posing a significant global health challenge. Genetic predispositions, particularly genes like *FTO* and *MC4R*, influence appetite regulation, energy metabolism, and fat storage. However, the rapid increase in obesity prevalence is largely attributed to environmental factors such as sedentary lifestyles, high-calorie diets, and easy access to processed foods. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, have emerged as critical mediators linking environmental exposures to obesity-related phenotypes. These changes offer insights into how diet and physical activity modulate gene expression, presenting opportunities for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Personalized interventions, integrating genetic and metabolic profiling, are gaining traction for effective and sustainable obesity management. Public health strategies addressing the obesogenic environment are equally critical. Policies promoting healthy eating, physical activity, and regulating high-sugar and high-fat food availability can reduce obesity rates. Community-based interventions, coupled with education on nutrition and lifestyle changes, further empower individuals to make healthier choices. This chapter highlights the necessity of a multifaceted approach that combines genetic, epigenetic, and environmental insights to combat obesity. Advancing research in personalized medicine, along with implementing public health interventions, is essential to mitigate the global burden of obesity and its associated comorbidities. Collaborative efforts across scientific, medical, and policy-making domains will be instrumental in achieving long-term solutions to this escalating epidemic.