Malnutrition in all its forms is a global health issue disproportionately affecting women of reproductive ages, particularly those living in under resource environments. Pregnant women are most at risk of malnutrition due to increased nutrient requirements to support changes in maternal metabolism and the development of the child. Furthermore, maternal nutritional therapy in Cameroon includes nutrition counselling/education and uptake of iron-folic acid. Although food insecurity is the main factor linked to maternal malnutrition, diseases and inadequate dietary nutrient intake constitute direct causes. Moreover, of the different methods to assess malnutrition, the food frequency questionnaire and the 24-hour recall are frequently used. In Cameroon, maternal nutrition is a neglected health issue due mainly to a dearth of information/research evidence regarding this aspect. Thus, in order to develop actions aimed at preventing malnutrition during pregnancy, there is need for a good understanding of the context.