Malnutrition is a critical factor influencing recovery from trauma, particularly in cases of hip fractures and other severe injuries. This chapter explores the intricate relationship between nutritional status and post-traumatic recovery, focusing on the mechanisms by which malnutrition impairs healing processes and functional outcomes. We examine the prevalence of malnutrition in trauma patients, its impact on various physiological systems, and the consequences for rehabilitation and long-term prognosis. Special attention is given to hip fractures as a model of trauma in older adults, where malnutrition is particularly prevalent and detrimental. The chapter also discusses nutritional interventions that have shown promise in improving recovery trajectories, including protein supplementation, micronutrient repletion, and specialized nutritional formulas. By linking malnutrition to specific aspects of trauma recovery, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding in this field and highlight areas for future research and clinical practice improvement. The global implications of these findings are considered, emphasizing the need for integrated nutritional care in trauma management across diverse healthcare settings.