The consumption of sugary and sweetened beverages is associated with serious health impacts, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and early mortality due to metabolic mechanisms such as rapid absorption of glucose and fructose, activation of the dopaminergic system, and changes in the microbiome. These beverages are also an important modifiable risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases, which cause 74% of global deaths and increase public health costs, restricting economic growth. Public policies, such as frontal nutritional labeling, taxation of sugary drinks, and educational campaigns, have been implemented to mitigate these impacts. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends limiting sugar consumption to less than 10% of daily caloric intake and advises against the use of artificial sweeteners for weight control. Dietary guides also contraindicate sugary drinks for children under 2 years of age. Internationally, front nutritional labeling is used by several countries in the Americas, with emphasis on warning and informative models, which help consumers identify unhealthy products. The integration of scientific evidence into public policies is essential to promote healthy diets and reduce the global burden of diseases related to the consumption of sugary and sweetened beverages.