Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a retinal disorder characterized by the accumulation of subretinal fluid in the macular region, leading to a localized detachment of the neurosensory retina. It primarily affects healthy, middle-aged males and is often associated with stress, corticosteroid use, type A personality traits, and systemic hypertension. The pathophysiology is thought to involve choroidal vascular hyperpermeability and dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), resulting in fluid leakage into the subretinal space. CSCR typically presents with acute onset of central vision distortion, metamorphopsia, micropsia, and blurred vision. Fundoscopic examination reveals a serous retinal detachment without signs of inflammation. Diagnostic imaging, including fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), is crucial for confirming the diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. FA typically shows a “smoke stack” or “ink blot” pattern of dye leakage, while OCT highlights the presence of subretinal fluid and RPE abnormalities. Most acute cases resolve spontaneously within 3–4 months with good visual prognosis. However, chronic or recurrent cases may result in persistent RPE damage and visual impairment. Treatment options include photodynamic therapy (PDT), micropulse laser therapy, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists such as eplerenone. Patient education regarding risk factors, especially stress and corticosteroid use, is vital in preventing recurrence. Ongoing research is exploring the molecular mechanisms of choroidal dysfunction and identifying new therapeutic targets. Early diagnosis and risk modification remain key strategies in managing CSCR and preserving visual function.