In patients referred for suspicion of OSA, the first step is meticulous medical history taking. After that, an OSA-specific physical examination follows. Subsequently, a form of sleep study is scheduled. Although in the past this was often regarded as sufficient information to start treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), presently other therapies besides CPAP are gaining ground as well. Not surprisingly, in this era of personalized medicine, treatment diversification, and shared decision-making, the one-size-fits-all concept of CPAP therapy exclusively is gradually being abandoned.