Laryngeal Web
摘要
Laryngeal webs are rare congenital or acquired airway anomalies. Severity is stratified by Cohen’s classification into type I to IV based on glottic area involved and the subglottic extension. Congenital laryngeal webs result from failure to recanalize the primitive larynx between 8th and 10th weeks of gestation. It is associated with 22q11 microdeletion syndrome in 65% of congenital cases. The clinical presentation varies based on web severity, from dysphonia, respiratory distress, recurrent croup, failure to thrive, to apnea, cyanosis, and acute airway obstruction immediately after birth. Laryngeal web repair can be accomplished endoscopically or through open laryngotracheal reconstruction or partial cricotracheal resection. There are no clear consensus on the optimal approach in treatment or the type or duration of surgical adjuncts utilized, such as laryngeal keel placement, suprastomal stent placement, or topical mitomycin application. The treatment outcome is excellent with regards to tracheostomy decannulation. However, the rate of recurrence is high, and the postoperative voice quality can be poor in 15–20% of patients.