Filicide is a rare, tragic, and complex phenomenon. Historically, studies on filicide have focused on mothers who kill their children. Research has begun to classify filicide according to the motives of the parent and specific circumstances surrounding the death of the child. Risk factors for maternal filicide are complex and include interactions among a variety of child, maternal, and environmental factors. Children with disabilities have specific vulnerabilities, which put them at increased risk for abuse and homicide. Several theories aim to explain risk factors for maternal filicide of disabled children, including the high levels of caregiver stress and altruistic intention. Research emphasizes the importance of support for families, increased education about disabilities for professionals, and improvements with data collection to help better understand filicide and prevent against child fatalities. Note: To promote inclusivity, this entry uses both identity-first language (i.e., disabled children) and person-first language (i.e., children with disabilities).