The combination of social capital networks (e.g., bonding, bridging, linking) plays an important role in enhancing social resilience to urban natural hazards, such as floods, storms, cyclones, and earthquakes. Despite significant theoretical development in urban resilience, there is a lack of a comprehensive understanding of its underlying mechanisms, which consequently impedes progress toward achieving Sustainable Urban Development goals. The vagueness and multidimensional nature of the concept of resilience to natural hazards have hindered its practical application and integration into urban planning for sustainable development. Drawing from the lens of social science theory and literature, in this chapter, we formulate an integrated theoretical framework that helps understand how integrating bonding, bridging, and linking social networks via social mechanisms promote people’s social resilience to natural hazards in urban regions. Evidence from systematic studies suggests that the integration of bonding, bridging, and linking social networks is more effective than any single dimension alone in providing social capital and psychosocial supports. These, in turn, promote social resilience to urban natural hazards and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals in urban settings. In this chapter, evidence informs the development of both theoretical understanding and practical strategies for building social resilience in urban areas against natural hazards, ultimately contributing to achieving the Sustainable Urban Development Goals.