Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) arthritis is an umbrella term for all chronic childhood arthropathies and represents a heterogeneous group of autoimmune disorders that begin before the age of 16 years and involve persistent inflammation of 6 weeks or more and involve one or more joints. The diagnosis of JIA is a clinical one, usually there is persisting arthritis for at least 6 weeks in a child younger than 16 years in whom there is no known underlying cause. Any joints in the axial or appendicular skeleton may be affected by the disease. The radiographic features are osteopenia, periarticular swelling, epiphyseal overgrowth, loss of joint space, and erosions. There may be subluxation of the joint and periosteal new bone formation in bone adjacent to the joint. The important differential diagnosis that needs to be excluded is sepsis. Other differentials include reactive arthritis and malignant neoplasms such as neuroblastoma and leukemia the younger age groups. Medical management is aimed at symptom control, preventing disease progression, maintaining joint function, and promoting the child’s independence. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs along with localized corticosteroid joint injections are often the first-line treatments.