Manuscript Exchange of Poetry and Sociability
摘要
This entry considers forms of sociability operating in four social formations in which manuscripts were circulated. The court of Queen Anne Boleyn provided the initial social setting for her ladies-in-waiting, Mary Shelton, Mary Fitzroy, and Margaret Douglas, to collect, copy, answer, and annotate poems into the Devonshire Manuscript. This manuscript engaged numerous interactions within this coterie, the boundaries of which were marked by appeals to insider knowledge. The well-known coterie of Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke, was more hierarchical, oriented toward the countess’s project of memorializing the literary works of her brother Philip Sidney and supporting the struggle of Protestants on the Continent. The Aston family was the primary topic as well as the primary social context for Constance Aston Fowler’s miscellany. Many of its poems were written by and to members of this devoutly Catholic family and by a Jesuit missioner. Fowler’s miscellany actively engaged manuscript networks, especially Catholic networks, from diverse areas of England. Rather than a cohesive social group, Katherine Philips’s Society of Friendship was dispersed among individual friends and associates to whom she wrote poems. There is little evident literary interaction among members of this society. While the nature of her sociability (erotic, political, ambitious) has been widely debated by scholars, Philips created a social context that provided her the opportunity to achieve fame as one of the most prominent women writers of seventeenth century manuscript culture.