One of the most significant sources for the study of early sixteenth-century English literature is British Library Additional MS 17492, a verse miscellany compiled and shared among an elite coterie close to the court of Henry VIII. The volume has come to be called the “Devonshire Manuscript” due to its long preservation in the collection of the dukes of Devonshire at Chatsworth House. For many years, the Devonshire Manuscript was best known as an early witness of canonical Tudor poetry, particularly the poetry of Sir Thomas Wyatt (the volume includes over one hundred poems attributed to Wyatt). More recently, however, scholars have returned to the manuscript for evidence of the broadly collaborative and social literary culture of the Tudor period. More specifically, the Devonshire Manuscript’s composition, organization, annotation, and circulation demonstrates the importance of elite women to that culture. Its numerous hands, diversity of verse forms and medieval borrowings, and lively marginal notes and editorial interventions together reveal a wide range of literary responses to the fraught years around the rise and fall of Anne Boleyn, especially among the ladies associated with Boleyn’s household.