Anxiety is a prevalent emotional state, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Recent research suggests that certain bioactive food compounds may exhibit anxiolytic properties while simultaneously offering a favorable safety profile compared to traditional pharmacological agents. However, validating their efficacy requires rigorously standardized behavioral testing. Animal models remain indispensable for assessing anxiolytic activity, as they allow the investigation of complex behavioral responses. Among the most commonly used paradigms are the elevated plus maze, light/dark box, open field test, and social interaction test, all of which are described in the present chapter.