Space biology research increasingly requires integrated platforms capable of managing complex datasets. This chapter introduces the NASA Open Science Data Repository (OSDR), designed to unify multiomics, physiological, environmental telemetry, and radiation exposure data from spaceflight and analog experiments. By strictly adhering to FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles, OSDR ensures standardized data curation and facilitates integrated analyses critical for understanding space-induced biological responses. The integration of AI technologies and federated learning frameworks will transform OSDR into a dynamic predictive modeling platform, enhancing discoveries and astronaut health research.