In today’s world, life cycle assessment (LCA) stands as a revolutionary tool for environmental policymakers and business leaders striving for sustainable production and consumption. This dynamic, standardized approach meticulously quantifies resource use, pollutant emissions, and their associated environmental and health impacts throughout the entire life cycle of goods and services. When it comes to algal fuels, LCA is indispensable for unlocking their true environmental potential. This chapter dives deep into the technical intricacies of applying LCA to algal fuels, offering expert insights on major international standards, i.e., ISO 14040 and 14044. Designed for LCA practitioners and technical experts in both the public and private sectors, these guidelines offer essential tools not only to assess but also to optimize the sustainability of algal biofuel production—driving innovation toward a greener future.