Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is classified as an intractable neurodegenerative disease, and no established treatment has yet been developed for sporadic patients. Therefore, there are high hopes for regenerative therapies, including cell therapy. We are developing a treatment that applies bone marrow cells that can be autologously transplanted. In this chapter, we introduce a treatment that combines bone marrow mononuclear cells and mesenchymal stem cells that express growth factors using artificial chromosome vectors. We explain the method of administration to model animals and the evaluation of its effects.