Artificial intelligence is emerging as an important domain in the scientific field with the potential to provide advancements in molecular biology and cell engineering to improve the quality of life of human beings. The convergence of AI and related technologies linked with biology can lower the technical and knowledge barriers in numerous areas, such as diagnostics and forecasting. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning tools are revolutionizing life science research and biomedical applications. Examples include understanding ecosystems across space and time, designing new drugs, deciphering molecular data and biomedical images, and predicting the 3D structures of proteins. Cellular engineering is a new field that has arisen as biomedical engineering has moved from the organ and tissue level to the cellular and subcellular level. Through the automated and programmatically enabled finding of tissue-level patterns and design principles, AI presents a radically new paradigm for tissue engineering research. Molecular biology delves into the intricate mechanisms governing life at its most fundamental level—the molecular scale, exploring the structure, function, and interactions of biological molecules such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids. AI has spearheaded remarkable advancements in molecular biology, fundamentally transforming numerous facets of research, including drug discovery, protein structure prediction, genomic analysis, drug repurposing, synthetic biology, and disease diagnosis and prognosis. Moreover, this chapter demonstrates the fundamental potentials of AI and their applications focusing on molecular biology and cellular engineering.