Anaerobic digestion represents a prominent sustainable technological process for converting food waste into bioenergy and digestate for sustaining environmental protection and resource recovery. The anaerobic digestion process occurs in the absence of air and is based on metabolization of organic substances into biogas by microbial consortia, consisting mainly of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). The efficiency of anaerobic digestion is highly dependent on a variety of factors such as feedstock characteristics, source of inoculum, temperature, pH, organic loading rate (OLR), and hydraulic retention time (HRT). This standard protocol outlines a complete process for optimizing anaerobic digestion parameters for food wastes, covering all aspects of the pre-treatment study, including sorting, size reduction, and dilution to enhance microbial activities. It also discusses reactor configurations and inoculation methods from the perspectives of essential operational parameters that maintain process stability and maximize methane yield. The study discusses biogas upgrading methods for better energy use and digestate management methods for its safe application as an organic soil amendment. Other major process challenges such as VFA accumulation, system acidification, and gas composition imbalance were discussed along with some workable solutions. This protocol outlines the path to promoting the circular bioeconomy by incorporating anaerobic digestion into waste management practices, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions and providing renewable energy. The guideline will be useful for researchers, industries, and policymakers in realizing new, efficient waste-to-energy solutions.