This chapter provides an introduction (1) to neuropsychological factors that may arise in performing clinical and diagnostic interviews and (2) to the process of performing interviews in neuropsychological assessment. During interviews, patients may show behavioral concerns related to their cognitive functioning, such as memory deficits and language difficulties, which can raise concern for a condition such as Alzheimer’s disease. Socially inappropriate behaviors shown during an interview may stem from conditions such as frontotemporal degeneration or conditions such as a traumatic brain injury (TBI) that impact the frontal lobes. These behaviors and other factors that may lead to a referral for neuropsychological evaluation are described. Clarifying the reason for referral is best completed before the patient arrives, but also is completed with the patient in the interview. Standard areas to cover in a neuropsychological interview include a description of cognitive symptoms, their impact on daily functioning, medical history, mental health history, history of substance use, developmental history, academic and occupational history, and legal history. Other relevant topics including developing rapport during a clinical interview and procedures to utilize when working with interpreters are also explored. The chapter ends with a more in-depth description of neuropsychological interviews in the assessment of TBIs and of possible neurocognitive disorders in late life.