Minimal hepatic encephalopathy is frequently disregarded, primarily owing to the absence of a universally accepted diagnostic standard. The connection between minimal hepatic encephalopathy, and a dismal prognosis compromised health-related quality of life, an elevated risk of falls and accidents, and heightened mortality emphasizes the critical need for early detection. The diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy is a challenge, primarily due to the absence of a gold standard test. Existing diagnostic tools include the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score, critical flicker fusion frequency, Stroop test, and electroencephalography. Although psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score is widely accepted, it grapples with limitations linked to age, education, and cultural factors. Acknowledging the necessity for improved diagnostic tools, this chapter reviews auditory P300 event-related potentials as a sensitive and reliable method for identifying minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Auditory P300 event-related potentials, characterized by its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity, emerge as a promising addition to the current diagnostic arsenal for minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Its ability to detect cognitive disturbances provides valuable insights, enhancing our understanding and management of this condition.