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Mitogen-activated protein kinases, a family of three stress-related kinases, the Erks and Jnks and p38s, are activated by three-layer transphosphorylation cascades and are important for the activation, differentiation, and effector functions of lymphocytes. Recent studies on the aged immune systems from both humans and mice have uncovered a different mode of MAPK signaling that is independent of canonical activation cascades and instead occurs through simultaneous self-phosphorylation reactions within the sestrin-MAPK activation complex (sMAC), an immune-inhibitory complex not previously observed. In this chapter, we discuss methodologies to study these pathways at the population and single cell level, which allows rejuvenating immune cell differentiation and fate.

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Investigation of Signaling in Primary Populations of Human Senescent T Cells

  • 实验方案

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Alessio Lanna,
  • Federica Rinaldi

摘要

Mitogen-activated protein kinases, a family of three stress-related kinases, the Erks and Jnks and p38s, are activated by three-layer transphosphorylation cascades and are important for the activation, differentiation, and effector functions of lymphocytes. Recent studies on the aged immune systems from both humans and mice have uncovered a different mode of MAPK signaling that is independent of canonical activation cascades and instead occurs through simultaneous self-phosphorylation reactions within the sestrin-MAPK activation complex (sMAC), an immune-inhibitory complex not previously observed. In this chapter, we discuss methodologies to study these pathways at the population and single cell level, which allows rejuvenating immune cell differentiation and fate.