Wastewater for Potable Reuse: Pilot Plant and Case Studies
摘要
Implementation of potable water reuse has gained increasing attention as a sustainable strategy to address water scarcity and support long-term drinking water supply. This chapter highlights the role and importance of potable pilot plants, examining key technologies and treatment trains from several pilot projects. Case studies include direct and indirect potable reuse projects (DPR and IPR) implemented in Europe, the United States, and Brazil. Together, these studies demonstrate the effectiveness of multi-barrier treatment approaches incorporating advanced technologies. Treatment technologies include reverse osmosis (RO), advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), membrane bioreactors (MBRs), ultraviolet (UV) treatment, and activated carbon (AC). Technical challenges such as membrane scaling and RO concentrate management, public acceptance, and drinking water safety standards are also discussed.