Radioactivity and metal concentration measurements are provided at coastal areas of the Aegean Sea, assessing the anthropogenic impact as well as investigating natural phenomena. A summary of representative analysis combining the concentration of metals and radionuclides (including the measuring methods) is described to assess in temporal basis the contamination status at the coastal areas. The work is focused on recently obtained results in (a) Lavrio and Ierissos Gulf where coastal mining activities occur, (b) Elefsis Gulf and Thermaikos Gulf (Thessaloniki Bay) which are affected by two major urban areas, and (c) Gulf of Corinth and Litochoro Bay which both are characterized by dynamic natural phenomena. The radiological assessment was estimated via dose rate calculations using the ERICA assessment tool and the metal risk assessment via the enrichment factors and the pollution load index analysis. Furthermore, the percentage reduction of the137Cs inventory was calculated to evaluate the deposition on the marine sediment of the anthropogenic cesium released by nuclear weapon tests and accidents. Also, erosion/accretion patterns were calculated in a temporal basis according to the existing radiotracing method based on the ratio of two natural radionuclides of radium (226Ra/228Ra).