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Cancer is a major health problem all over the world. One of the important key regulators of cancer development and pathogenesis is a group of enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). These proteolytic enzymes have an essential role in ECM remodeling, cell-cell communication, angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer immunomodulation. The number of MMPs recognized till now is 23 enzymes. Some of them are released in a soluble form, and others exert their function through attachment to the plasma membrane. The regulation of MMPs in the body is maintained through a group of inhibitory enzymes called tissue inhibitor MMPs (TIMPs). These TIMPs (TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, and TIMP-4) are present in a balance with the MMPs, and any functional abnormality in the MMPs/TIMPs regulation can significantly affect tumor promotion or suppression as well. Therefore, MMPs together with TIMPs are considered a potential targeted therapy for cancer patients. In this review, we tried to illustrate each of the MMPs individually emphasizing their role in cancer progression. This could help provide a new diagnostic or prognostic marker that could serve as a target for a novel therapeutic modality for cancer patients.

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Matrix Metalloproteinases as a Key Player in Cancer Progression

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2024年

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  • Mona S. Abdellateif

摘要

Cancer is a major health problem all over the world. One of the important key regulators of cancer development and pathogenesis is a group of enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). These proteolytic enzymes have an essential role in ECM remodeling, cell-cell communication, angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer immunomodulation. The number of MMPs recognized till now is 23 enzymes. Some of them are released in a soluble form, and others exert their function through attachment to the plasma membrane. The regulation of MMPs in the body is maintained through a group of inhibitory enzymes called tissue inhibitor MMPs (TIMPs). These TIMPs (TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, and TIMP-4) are present in a balance with the MMPs, and any functional abnormality in the MMPs/TIMPs regulation can significantly affect tumor promotion or suppression as well. Therefore, MMPs together with TIMPs are considered a potential targeted therapy for cancer patients. In this review, we tried to illustrate each of the MMPs individually emphasizing their role in cancer progression. This could help provide a new diagnostic or prognostic marker that could serve as a target for a novel therapeutic modality for cancer patients.