Glioma is a primary tumor of the central nervous system, comprising 80% of all brain malignant tumors. The current treatment modalities include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy; amidst those, surgery is recruited as the most preliminary method. The surgeon’s dilemma is tumor infiltration in the normal brain parenchyma, which significantly affects surgical efficacy and glioma treatment. Therefore, one of the challenges in glioma surgery is maximizing the removal of the tumor cells without damaging vital and normal brain tissue. For this purpose, imaging-guided surgery could be utilized, enhancing the accuracy of tumor resection. In this chapter, we discuss intraoperative imaging techniques including fluorescence microscopy, and magnetic resonance imaging as methods for detecting macroscopic and microscopic remnants of the tumor residues during surgery. Finally, we compare the results of using each method or combination of them on glioma patient’s treatment and survival.