Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) enable metastasis by inhibiting innate and adaptive immune responses. During pre-metastatic niche formation, MDSCs lack their T-cell immunosuppressive function; instead, they exhibit an enhanced migratory ability and pro-angiogenic qualities, resulting in the better engraftment of circulating tumor cells. Emerging studies reveal that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity affects myeloid cell populations’ proliferation, differentiation, and maturation. Furthermore, pre-clinical findings indicate that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) deplete both circulating and tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, mainly targeting the monocytic-MDSCs. Thus, MDSCs are currently considered potential druggable targets for ACE inhibitors, offering a new therapeutic window for immune cell modulation to prevent metastatic outgrowth and recurrence due to a dual mechanism that decreases tumor angiogenesis and reverses tumor microenvironment immunosuppression.

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The Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors on Metastasis-Associated Myeloid Cells

  • Dora L. Vallejo-Ardila,
  • Rafael Parra-Medina,
  • Alba Combita,
  • Andrés F. Cardona,
  • Sophie Paquet-Fifield

摘要

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) enable metastasis by inhibiting innate and adaptive immune responses. During pre-metastatic niche formation, MDSCs lack their T-cell immunosuppressive function; instead, they exhibit an enhanced migratory ability and pro-angiogenic qualities, resulting in the better engraftment of circulating tumor cells. Emerging studies reveal that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity affects myeloid cell populations’ proliferation, differentiation, and maturation. Furthermore, pre-clinical findings indicate that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) deplete both circulating and tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, mainly targeting the monocytic-MDSCs. Thus, MDSCs are currently considered potential druggable targets for ACE inhibitors, offering a new therapeutic window for immune cell modulation to prevent metastatic outgrowth and recurrence due to a dual mechanism that decreases tumor angiogenesis and reverses tumor microenvironment immunosuppression.