Comparative Analysis of Point Clouds Acquired by iPhone 15 Pro Max Equipped with viDoc RTK Rover and Leica BLK2GO for Structural Condition Assessment
摘要
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) requires reliable spatial data to support the assessment of infrastructure conditions and potential geometric inconsistencies. Recent advances in mobile and low-cost geospatial technologies, including LiDAR-equipped smartphones and handheld SLAM-based systems, have enabled rapid and flexible point cloud acquisition, although their achievable accuracy in operational scenarios remains a key question. This study presents a comparative analysis of point clouds acquired using an iPhone 15 Pro Max equipped with a viDoc RTK Rover and a Leica BLK2GO same spatial LiDAR system, against a terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) reference dataset collected with a Leica RTC360. All datasets were georeferenced within a common GNSS-based reference framework using RTK corrections and ground control points measured with a Leica GS15 receiver. The comparison focuses on the geometric agreement between datasets through cloud-to-cloud distance analysis and the evaluation of vertical and horizontal point cloud differences. Statistical indicators derived from open-source processing environments are used to characterize the spatial consistency of the mobile acquisitions with respect to the reference model. The results highlight the potential of both smartphone-based and SLAM-based LiDAR systems for rapid, first-level infrastructure inspections, particularly in contexts where fast data acquisition, ease of use, and open-source workflows are prioritized over high-precision deformation monitoring. The study provides practical insights into the advantages and limitations of low-cost and mobile LiDAR technologies for operational SHM applications.