This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of chitosan (CS)-based emulsions, encompassing both conventional and Pickering emulsions. The fundamental roles of CS that contribute to emulsion formation and stabilization are elucidated. The phenomena of emulsion instability, which should be of concern in formulating robust CS-based systems, are described. The versatility of CS-based emulsions as capsules or for drug encapsulation allows their diverse applications in pharmaceutical and related fields. In drug delivery systems, these emulsions demonstrate a good potential for controlled release within suitable conditions for oral and nasal administration with enhanced targeting to mucosal areas. They can serve as stable vehicles for active ingredients in cosmeceutics. Moreover, CS emulsions facilitate the encapsulation of bioactive compounds, retard lipid oxidation, and modulate lipid digestion in nutraceutics. The inherent antimicrobial properties of CS are examined in the context of emulsion-based formulations, highlighting potential applications in food preservation and topical treatments to prevent infection, which can further enhance wound healing.