<p>This book aims to be a collection of various technologies for water remediation. The rapid population growth, deforestation, urbanization, depleting surface/ groundwater resources, and global warming led to diminishing water resources worldwide. The key focus is on sensors, AI, ML, mapping, management, etc. for improving the performance, efficiency, and life of the processes. Further, it focuses on nanotechnology, treatment technologies in rural areas, and their challenges. The proposed book highlights various aspects of recent advances occurring in sensors which are novel and assist readers in gaining a new perspective in implementing designs for water treatment and conservation. Cost-effective and eco-friendly biochar for removal of hazardous materials from industrial effluents will also be explored. The proposed book contains various technologies that may play a pivotal role in the future direction of water treatment.</p>