<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN;">This book explores Wittgenstein’s unsettling remark in the <em>Tractatus</em> that the only necessity that exists is logical necessity. It suggests that the notion of necessity is a primitive notion, and, as such, both a requirement for human cognition and constitutive of rational thought.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">On this basis, the book then reexamines some of the perennial questions of philosophy including logic itself, beauty, law, truth and the concept of God. All of these topics are seen to be closely related to the notion of necessity. It is argued that if logical necessity</span><!-- [if supportFields]><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE&quot;logical necessity&quot; </span><![endif]--><!-- [if supportFields]><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&#xa0;</span>is the only necessity that exists, then Kant</span><!-- [if supportFields]><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE &quot;Kant,Immanuel&quot; </span><![endif]--><!-- [if supportFields]><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">’s notion of the subjective</span><!-- [if supportFields]><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE&quot;subjective&quot; </span><![endif]--><!-- [if supportFields]><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&#xa0;</span>necessity of aesthetic judgments must be reconsidered. Likewise, metaphysical</span><!-- [if supportFields]><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE&quot;metaphysical necessity&quot; </span><![endif]--><!-- [if supportFields]><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, moral, and practical necessity must all be revised.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Finally, a new dimension is added to the analysis. It is shown that the notion of logical necessity is <em>human</em> in its origin, and yet also<em> absolute</em>. This insight reopens the possibility of logical absolutism</span><!-- [if supportFields]><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><spanstyle='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE &quot;absolutism&quot; </span><![endif]--><!-- [if supportFields]><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, as opposed to the current, general consensus around logical relativism</span><!-- [if supportFields]><span lang=EN-USstyle='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span> XE &quot;relativism&quot; </span><![endif]--><!-- [if supportFields]><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">. Moreover, it becomes possible to entertain a notion of logical absolutism without the problematic baggage of metaphysical and/or divine considerations. This new sense of logical absolutism facilitates a reconsideration of certain epistemological claims directly related to logical truths, for example, so-called analytical propositions.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><em><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif;">Logical Necessity and Rational Thought&#xa0;</span></em><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',sans-serif;">is essential reading for all scholars, researchers and advanced students of philosophical logic. It is also ideal for researchers of the thought of Ludwig Wittgenstein.</span></p>

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Logical Necessity and Rational Thought

  • David Graves

摘要

This book explores Wittgenstein’s unsettling remark in the Tractatus that the only necessity that exists is logical necessity. It suggests that the notion of necessity is a primitive notion, and, as such, both a requirement for human cognition and constitutive of rational thought.

On this basis, the book then reexamines some of the perennial questions of philosophy including logic itself, beauty, law, truth and the concept of God. All of these topics are seen to be closely related to the notion of necessity. It is argued that if logical necessity is the only necessity that exists, then Kant’s notion of the subjective necessity of aesthetic judgments must be reconsidered. Likewise, metaphysical, moral, and practical necessity must all be revised.

Finally, a new dimension is added to the analysis. It is shown that the notion of logical necessity is human in its origin, and yet also absolute. This insight reopens the possibility of logical absolutism, as opposed to the current, general consensus around logical relativism. Moreover, it becomes possible to entertain a notion of logical absolutism without the problematic baggage of metaphysical and/or divine considerations. This new sense of logical absolutism facilitates a reconsideration of certain epistemological claims directly related to logical truths, for example, so-called analytical propositions.

Logical Necessity and Rational Thought is essential reading for all scholars, researchers and advanced students of philosophical logic. It is also ideal for researchers of the thought of Ludwig Wittgenstein.