<p>This book organizes and describes the main drivers and definitions of carbon neutrality and negativity, current and near-future trends in achieving these goals, and corresponding techniques and materials. Global strategies to reach carbon neutrality/negativity are discussed, including green chemistry routes, efficient materials processing, correct materials selection and substitution, use of naturally renewable and recyclable materials, among other definite or synergistic carbon-capture ideas. Carbon negative materials described herein include biochar, several carbon negative concretes and cements, biomass, bamboo-, wood- and grass-derived construction materials, recycled polymers and biopolymers, MOFs and MOF-derived nanocarbons, as well as other nanomaterials and nanocomposites on their basis, including nano-enabled membranes and filters. Carbon capture and storing methods presented include the DAC (direct air capture), carbon mineralization (in particular, with use of nanomaterials), concrete process optimization, oxy-fuel combustion technology, using high-capacity industrial residues and effluents, liquid and solid sorbents or chemical-looping CO2 capture, among other alternative capture and regeneration methods. The book further features sections on captured carbon that can be stored or released in the form of materials "made from air pollution”, including carbon-negative construction materials, plastics, coatings, paints, and inks. Finally, the carbon footprint from construction industries, the future carbon negative technologies, life cycle assessments and circular economy principles, policies and market mechanisms, public-private collaborations, costs, scalability, and environmental impacts of carbon negative materials are explained.</p>