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Abstract <p>The time profile of the geomagnetically induced current, which is a continuous sequence of unipolar surges of varying duration and amplitude, has been analyzed. Based on this analysis, the duration of the saturation state of the magnetic system of a power transformer during a geomagnetic storm has been preliminary estimated. It has been shown that monitoring geomagnetically induced currents at critical nodes is sufficient to estimate the resilience of an electrical grid to geomagnetic storms. The number of these nodes is determined by the grid topology, the spatial orientation of overhead power lines, and the presence of power transformers with armored or armored-rod magnetic systems at these nodes. It has been shown that monitoring geomagnetically induced currents requires using a direct-amplification current measuring transducer with a Hall sensor. The conversion limit of the measuring transducer should be selected based on the expected long-term geomagnetically induced currents and the level of zero-sequence harmonics in the neutral current with allowance for the power quality indicators at the power transformer connection node.</p>

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Basic Requirements for a Monitoring System for Geoinduced Currents in a High-Voltage Electrical Network with a Solidly Grounded Neutral

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月1日

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  • A. A. Kuvshinov,
  • V. V. Vakhnina,
  • A. N. Chernenko,
  • O. V. Fedyai,
  • A. Yu. Khrennikov

摘要

Abstract

The time profile of the geomagnetically induced current, which is a continuous sequence of unipolar surges of varying duration and amplitude, has been analyzed. Based on this analysis, the duration of the saturation state of the magnetic system of a power transformer during a geomagnetic storm has been preliminary estimated. It has been shown that monitoring geomagnetically induced currents at critical nodes is sufficient to estimate the resilience of an electrical grid to geomagnetic storms. The number of these nodes is determined by the grid topology, the spatial orientation of overhead power lines, and the presence of power transformers with armored or armored-rod magnetic systems at these nodes. It has been shown that monitoring geomagnetically induced currents requires using a direct-amplification current measuring transducer with a Hall sensor. The conversion limit of the measuring transducer should be selected based on the expected long-term geomagnetically induced currents and the level of zero-sequence harmonics in the neutral current with allowance for the power quality indicators at the power transformer connection node.