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Abstract <p>Studies were conducted to assess the involvement of candidate genes <i>TRPM2</i> and <i>RYR2</i>, presumably associated with high adaptive abilities of chickens in early ontogenesis, in the processes of thermoregulation and thermal adaptation under hypothermic stress. The work was carried out on chickens of the Russian Snow–White gene pool breed (isolated for thermal resistance of chicks at low temperatures) and Amrox (selection for thermal resistance was not carried out). To reprogram the adaptive patterns of the regulatory characteristics of the temperature homeostasis system, dosed low-temperature exposure (+14…+16°C, 6 h) was used during the sensitive period of early embryogenesis (day 5 of incubation). In 1-day-old chicks, a change in the orientation of metabolic processes was evaluated, and a change in the level of adaptive abilities after exposure to a low-temperature stress factor (+7°C, 1 h) in a comparative aspect was additionally evaluated in 14-day-old chicks (experimental groups vs. control groups that were not cooled). The relative expression of the <i>TRPM2</i> and <i>RYR2</i> genes in tissue samples of embryos and chicks was determined by PCR. For 14-day-old chicks of the Russian Snow-White breed, the strength of the impact of the abiotic stress factor was probably insufficient to cause serious changes in the metabolic processes of the body. A single dosed cooling of Amrox embryos led to changes in the body reaction rate of the chicks of the experimental group, which survived until the age of 14 days. Chicks of this group are better adapted to cold stress; lipids and proteins are mainly used as an energy substrate and the mechanisms of nonshivering thermogenesis in muscles are used to maintain body temperature. This is confirmed by differences in the expression patterns of the <i>RYR2</i> and <i>TRPM2</i> genes, the level of relative expression of which in the pectoral muscle of chicks of the experimental groups is higher than in the control (by 2.5 times in Amrox chicks). Dosed single low-temperature exposure during the sensitive period of early embryogenesis can help to increase the adaptive abilities of the body of chicks up to 14 days of age in conditions of hypothermic stress.</p>

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Changes in the Expression Profile of TRPM2 and RYR2 Genes During the Maturation of the Chick Thermoregulation System as a Result of Dosed Low-Temperature Exposure During the Sensitive Period of Early Embryogenesis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • E. S. Fedorova,
  • E. G. Chugunova,
  • M. V. Pozovnikova

摘要

Abstract

Studies were conducted to assess the involvement of candidate genes TRPM2 and RYR2, presumably associated with high adaptive abilities of chickens in early ontogenesis, in the processes of thermoregulation and thermal adaptation under hypothermic stress. The work was carried out on chickens of the Russian Snow–White gene pool breed (isolated for thermal resistance of chicks at low temperatures) and Amrox (selection for thermal resistance was not carried out). To reprogram the adaptive patterns of the regulatory characteristics of the temperature homeostasis system, dosed low-temperature exposure (+14…+16°C, 6 h) was used during the sensitive period of early embryogenesis (day 5 of incubation). In 1-day-old chicks, a change in the orientation of metabolic processes was evaluated, and a change in the level of adaptive abilities after exposure to a low-temperature stress factor (+7°C, 1 h) in a comparative aspect was additionally evaluated in 14-day-old chicks (experimental groups vs. control groups that were not cooled). The relative expression of the TRPM2 and RYR2 genes in tissue samples of embryos and chicks was determined by PCR. For 14-day-old chicks of the Russian Snow-White breed, the strength of the impact of the abiotic stress factor was probably insufficient to cause serious changes in the metabolic processes of the body. A single dosed cooling of Amrox embryos led to changes in the body reaction rate of the chicks of the experimental group, which survived until the age of 14 days. Chicks of this group are better adapted to cold stress; lipids and proteins are mainly used as an energy substrate and the mechanisms of nonshivering thermogenesis in muscles are used to maintain body temperature. This is confirmed by differences in the expression patterns of the RYR2 and TRPM2 genes, the level of relative expression of which in the pectoral muscle of chicks of the experimental groups is higher than in the control (by 2.5 times in Amrox chicks). Dosed single low-temperature exposure during the sensitive period of early embryogenesis can help to increase the adaptive abilities of the body of chicks up to 14 days of age in conditions of hypothermic stress.