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Abstract <p>Water pollution poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems, requiring effective remediation strategies. This study investigates the use of jowar straw nanobiochar (JNBC) as a bio-adsorbent for camphor removal from water, optimizing its performance using response surface methodology (RSM). JNBC, with a particle size of 71.8 nm and a zeta potential of –46.5 mV, was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD peak shifts and SEM observations confirmed successful camphor adsorption, with new FTIR peaks appearing post-adsorption. Using central composite design (CCD), optimal conditions for 96% camphor removal were identified: pH 6, initial camphor concentration 60&#xa0;mg/L, surfactant (Tergitol) concentration 4 mg/L, and contact time 120 min. Experimental results matched the model predictions (desirability value = 0.972). The adsorption data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm model, while the pseudo-second-order kinetic model showed excellent precision. JNBC maintained 74% removal efficiency over six regeneration cycles, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable and effective adsorbent for environmental remediation.</p>

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Response Surface Modeling for Optimizing Camphor Adsorption from Aqueous Environment Using Jowar Straw Based Nanobiochar

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月12日

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  • Poludasu Rama Mohan

摘要

Abstract

Water pollution poses a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems, requiring effective remediation strategies. This study investigates the use of jowar straw nanobiochar (JNBC) as a bio-adsorbent for camphor removal from water, optimizing its performance using response surface methodology (RSM). JNBC, with a particle size of 71.8 nm and a zeta potential of –46.5 mV, was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD peak shifts and SEM observations confirmed successful camphor adsorption, with new FTIR peaks appearing post-adsorption. Using central composite design (CCD), optimal conditions for 96% camphor removal were identified: pH 6, initial camphor concentration 60 mg/L, surfactant (Tergitol) concentration 4 mg/L, and contact time 120 min. Experimental results matched the model predictions (desirability value = 0.972). The adsorption data fit well with the Langmuir isotherm model, while the pseudo-second-order kinetic model showed excellent precision. JNBC maintained 74% removal efficiency over six regeneration cycles, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable and effective adsorbent for environmental remediation.